APPLICANT’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
OMB No. 0925-0001 and 0925-0002 (Rev. 10/15 Approved Through 10/31/2018)
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Provide the following information for the Senior/key personnel and other significant contributors.
Follow this format for each person. DO NOT EXCEED FIVE PAGES.
NAME: Huynh Cao
eRA COMMONS USER NAME (credential, e.g., agency login): hcao01
POSITION TITLE: Assistant Professor
EDUCATION/TRAINING (Begin with baccalaureate or other initial professional education, such as
nursing, include postdoctoral training and residency training if applicable. Add/delete rows as necessary.)
INSTITUTION AND LOCATION
DEGREE
(if
applicable)
Completion
Date
MM/YYYY
FIELD OF STUDY
University of California, Los Angeles
B.S.
06/2003
Biochemistry
University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen
School of Medicine
M.D.
6/2008
Medicine
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Torrance, CA
Internship
6/2009
Surgery
Albany Medical Center Albany, NY
Residency
6/2011
Surgery
St. Mary’s Medical Center San Francisco, CA
Residency
6/2014
Internal Medicine
Loma Linda University Medical Center
Loma Linda, CA
Fellowship 6/2014-
6/2017
Hematology & Oncology
fellowship
A. Personal Statement
Throughout my undergraduate study as well as professional career, I have worked in multiple
labs as a research assistant and have involved in several clinical trials as a co-Investigator and
Principal Investigator. I have developed a special interest in hematology field, specifically
leukemia. During my second year of fellowship at Loma Linda University Medical Center, I was
awarded a research grant from the Department of Medicine for my in vitro work in AML cells
differentiation using mesenchymal progenitor cells with ectopically expressed CYP27B1
gene. This preliminary data is the basis for my supporting grants from ASCO Conquer Cancer
Foundation, California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) and Research Innovation
Grant from Loma Linda University.
My personal goal is to help patients with acute leukemia, who are going through treatment
experience less suffering. Current treatment for AML requires intensive chemotherapy to
achieve complete remission, a process highly toxic to unfit or older patients. Thus, better-
tolerated and less toxic treatment options are urgently needed. Groundbreaking discovery such
as differentiation therapy has shown extraordinary success in treating acute promyelocytic
leukemia (APL), a subtype of AML, with retinoic acid (a vitamin A metabolite) and arsenic
trioxide. In this era, APL can be cured without using cytotoxic chemotherapy. Development of a
clinically applicable differentiation therapy for more subtypes of AML will help provide a less
toxic treatment alternative to many more patients.
B. Positions and Honors
Positions
2014-2017 Hematology & Oncology Fellow, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA
2017-current Assistant Professor at Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA
Honors and Awards
1999
Award from American Chemical Society in
Chemistry
2002 Summer Research Award, UCLA Department of Biochemistry
2003
Departmental Highest Honor, Summa Cum Laude in
Biochemistry
2005
Research Award, UCLA School of Medicine Short Term Research Training
Program
2013-2014
Chief Medical Resident, St. Mary's Medical Center, San
Francisco
2016 Loma Linda University Medical Center (LLUMC), Department of Medicine Research
Award
2017 ASCO Conquer Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award
2018 CIRM Inception Grant
2018 ASCO Travel Grant for Scientific and Career Development Retreat
2018 ASCO Virtual Mentors Program
2018 HemOnc Today Next Gen Innovators
2019 Research Innovation Grant from Loma Linda University
Other Experience and Professional Memberships
2011-current Member, American College of Physicians
2013-2014 Member, American Society of Hospital Medicine
2013-2014 Member, Northern California Melanoma Center Research Team
2013-current Member, American Society of Clinical Oncology
2014-current Member, American Society of Hematology
C. Contribution to Science
1. CYP27B1 gene therapy in combination with chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia.
Induction chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents remains the initial standard of care for acute myeloid
leukemia (AML). The current treatment strategy is exceedingly toxic for older adult patients who
frequently present with multiple co-morbidities. Active vitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2-D3) has shown promising
preclinical success in vitro. The concentrations of active VD3 required to effectively induce differentiation
(70-80% of blast cells) in vitro are typically in the range of 100-1000 nanomolar (nM); however, a serum
level of such concentration would certainly result in hypercalcemia in humans (the normal concentration
of active VD3 is around 0.1 nM in humans). To overcome this limitation, we used genetically engineered
MOLM-14 AML cells (designated as CYP27B1-GFP-MOLM14) as vehicle cells to deliver the VD3
activating enzyme (CYP27B1, 1-a-hydroxylase-25-OH-VD3) to the bone marrow where endogenous
inactive VD3 will be converted to active VD3. We used this gene therapy in combination with low dose 5-
Azacytidine (AZA) in human leukemic xenograft mice. The AZA + CYP-GFP-MOLM14 group exhibited
longer overall survival compared to the control group (GFP-MOLM14 only) (13.8 days vs. 8.6 days, p =
0.05), and the AZA + GFP-MOLM14 group (13.8 days vs. 11.2 days, p = 0.05).
Cao, H, Xu Y, Necochea-Campion R, Baylink D, Payne KJ, Tang X, Ratanatharathorn C, Ji Y, Mirshahidi
S, Chen CS. Application of vitamin D and vitamin D analogs in acute myelogenous leukemia. Exp
Hematol 50: 1-12 (2017).
Cao H, Xu Y, Payne KJ, Necochea-Campion R, Chen CS, Baylink D, Tang X, Marcucci G. CYP27B1
gene therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Presented abstract at the
ASCO Scientific and Career
Development Retreat 2018.
Manuscript in preparation. To be submitted to Leukemia. November 2019.
2. Vitamin D’s biological functions in immune regulation and tissue regeneration, and their
potentials in the prevention of malignant formation of cancer stem cells.
Accumulating evidence has shown inhibitory effects of vitamin D and its analogs on the cancer stem cell
signaling pathways, suggesting vitamin D as a potential preventive/therapeutic agent against cancer
stem cells (CSCs). Preclinical studies in animals appear to support calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D,
as a drug for managing a variety of tumors, by its well-known inducer function of the terminal
differentiation such as myeloid leukemia cells into monocytes and macrophages. Also calcitriol has other
different functions including immune regulation, neuron protection, repair of gut epithelial barrier, and
bone health. To facilitate the translational studies, we have been designing strategies that can deliver the
calcitriol specifically into the immune system like bone marrow, the gut, and the brain. To fulfill this goal, I
have been working on the projects of tissue-specific targeting and calcitriol’s role in Regulatory T cell’s
generation and transgene cell therapy for the AML, experimental colitis [an animal disease that is a well-
established model for human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)] for the past two years. I am currently
writing two papers about the novel therapies for IBD. The goal is to further our understanding of
calcitriol’s role in the immune regulation, inhibition of cancer stem cells’ generation and differentiation of
immature stem cells like AML blasts, and tissue regeneration. In addition, we are seeking potential
clinical applications of our innovative strategies.
Xu Y, Cheng Y, Cao H, Chan C, Chelliah H, Li CH, Wang X, Lau W, Baylink D, Qin X,
Tang X. In vivo
generation of gut-homing regulatory T cells for the suppression of colitis. (Submitted to Journal of
Immunology, conditionally accepted). May 2019.
Xu Y, Cao H,* Cheng Y, Baylink D, Goel G, Xiaolei Tang. CYP27B1 Adoptive Cell Therapy Ameliorates
TNBS-induced Mouse IBD Model through modulation of colon stem cells (to be submitted Journal of
Clinical Investigation). 2019. *Co-first author.
3. Biological effects of anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)
antibody formation. GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor, which stimulates proliferation and
differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. In a single arm study, we investigated the development
of binding and neutralizing antibodies to GM-CSF in patients receiving prolonged therapy with GM-CSF
as adjuvant therapy for melanoma. We found that 93% of 43 patients developed binding antibodies and
42% developed both binding and neutralizing antibodies. In those with neutralizing antibodies, we
observed a diminution of the biological effects of GM-CSF (increase in white blood cell count, percent
eosinophils, or neopterin levels). We concluded that the development of neutralizing antibodies to GM-
CSF might abrogate the potential benefit of this adjuvant treatment for melanoma.
Spitler LE, Cao H, Piironen T, Whiteside TL, Weber RW, Cruickshank S. Biological effects of anti-
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antibody formation in patients treated with
GM-CSF (sargramostim) as adjuvant therapy of melanoma. Am J Clin Oncol 40(2): 207-213 (2017).
4. Novel ELISA assay to detect peripheral blood exosomes for monitoring for AML disease
recurrence. In collaboration with Dr. Mitsuhashi from NanoSomiX, we developed a novel sandwich
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by using a combination of monoclonal antibodies against 2
different leukocyte antigens. Since CD81 is one of established surface markers of exosomes, CD117
+
CD81
+
double positive ELISA signals indicate the presence of CD117
+
exosomes and its quantity in the
plasma. Since plasma does not contain any cells, such double positive signals are considered to be
derived from exosomes. We used this assay to test plasma samples of 6 AML patients before and after
chemotherapy induction. The exosomes quantities correlated with the disease status in the bone
marrow.
Cao H, Xu Y, Marcucci G, Payne K, Baylink D, Chen CS, Mitsuhashi M. Novel marker sandwich
immunoassay for the detection of precursor- and mature granulocyte-derived exosomes in peripheral
blood. Manuscript in preparation.
5. Participation in Clinical Trials. I have been involved in multiple clinical trials as Co-Investigators or
PI since I was an internal medicine resident at St. Mary’s Medical Center in San Francisco. I helped the
PI, Dr. Lynn Spitler, screen and enroll many patients to the melanoma clinical trials. I also acted as the
contact person between the Northern California Melanoma Center and the UCSF Melanoma Center. At
LLUMC Cancer Center, I have participated in many phase 2 and 3 clinical trials; most recent is the
SWOG S1318 protocol, which evaluates the effectiveness of Blinatumomab for older patients (greater
than 65 years of age) with newly diagnosed Philadelphia-Chromosome negative acute lymphoblastic
leukemia. I truly believe that being able to participate in these clinical trials will make me a better and
complete doctor. They will not only help me familiarize with the trial’s design and process but also help
strengthen my clinical knowledge.
Complete List of Published Work in My Bibliography:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/myncbi/1PIYddBZdmoAE/bibliography/50714238/public/?sort=date&di
rection=ascending
D. Research Support
Ongoing Research Support
Loma Linda University Medical Center (LLUMC) 4/1/2019 - 3/30/2023
Sponsor: Department of Medicine; Research Innovation Grant
Project Title: Mechanism of action of combination therapy of chemotherapy and gene therapy on AML
Goal: To study mechanism of action of active VD3 and different types of chemotherapy on AML
pathways with a specific focus on FLT3 mutation.
Role: PI Mentor: Dr. Marcucci, Dr. Payne.
Completed Research Support
LLUMC 1/1/2017 - 6/30/2017
Sponsor: Department of Medicine
Project Title: Application of CYP27B1 gene and vitamin D in in vitro setting for acute myelogenous
leukemia
Goal: To study the efficacy of novel cell therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia in an in vitro setting.
Role: Co-PI Mentor: Dr. CS Chen
American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 7/1/2017 - 6/30/2018
Sponsor: ASCO Young Investigator Award 2017; Conquer Cancer Foundation
Project Title: Gene transduced mesenchymal progenitor cell for Vitamin D delivery in acute myeloid
leukemia
Goal: To study the efficacy of novel cell therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in an in vivo setting
Role: PI Mentors: Dr. Baylink, Dr. Payne, Dr. CS Chen
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) 3/01/2018 - 3/31/2019
Sponsor: CIRM; Discovery Inception Award
Project Title: Bone Marrow Targeting of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) Engineered to Overexpress
25-OH-D3 1-α-hydroxylase for Acute Myeloid Leukemia Therapy
Goal: To engineer HSCs to overexpress 25-OH-D3 1-α-hydroxylase and optimize homing of engineered
HSCs to the bone marrow.
Role: Co-PI PI: Dr. David Baylink